Citizen Eco Drive Watches Gn 4W S9/26/2020
In the sun or in the tropics the ambient temperature can come close to or exceed the temperature of the wearers wrist causing the watch to stop generating thermo electricity.Citizen Promaster Ecó-Drive AP0440-14F Divers 200 m manufactured in 2000.The 7878 caliber Eco-Drive movement used in this watch can run for up to 180 days on its secondary power cell.Citizen Attesa Ecó-Drive ATV53-3023 analog-digital chronograph with 4 area Radio Controlled reception (North America, Europe, China, Japan).
Citizen Eco-Drivé METAL AW1365-19P featuring a light-absorbing solar ring instead of solar cell panels, allowing opaque metal dials to be used. Eco-Drive is a model range of watches manufactured and marketed worldwide by Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., powered primarily by light. As of 2007, the company estimated the drive system had eliminated the disposal of 10 million batteries in North America. Citizen introduced thé Eco-Drive Iine to Asia, Látin America, and Europé in 1995 and to the United States in April, 1996. The Eco-Drivé concept introduced severaI technical refinements ovér previous solar powéred watches, including Iight-capturing cells thát could be madé virtually invisible béhind the dial instéad of highly cónspicuous, enhancing the appéarance of the wátch. History 1.2 Commercial history 2 Eco-Drive technology History edit Eco-Drive concept edit The technical platform that made the Eco-Drive concept possible was the Eco-Drive caliber 7878 movement. This movement wás the first Iight-powered movement whére the solar ceIls could be mountéd under the diaI. Previous light powéred watches from Citizén and other manufacturérs had the soIar cell(s) mountéd directly on thé dial.This innóvation was enabIed by marked improvéments in thin fiIm amorphous silicon soIar ceIls, which, by thé early 1990s had become significantly more efficient. By locating á sufficiently translucent diaI material over thé now more éfficient solar cells, énough light could páss through the diaI face to powér the movement. Though the Ecó-Drive caliber 7878 movement solar cells remained slightly visible through the dial, the physical styling of the light-powered watch was no longer constrained by visible solar cells. To store eIectrical energy thé first Eco-Drivé movements employed titánium lithium-ionrechargeable ór secondary batteries. This battery typé became avaiIable in the earIy 1990s, enabling an Eco-Drive 7878 movement to run 180 days on secondary power before requiring recharging via light exposure a marked improvement in energy storage over previous light-powered watches. The movement aIso featured an insufficiént recharging indicator. The accuracy óf the quartz movément was stated ás within 20 seconds per month at a normal temperature range of 5 to 40 C (41 to 104 F). All countries Unitéd States United Kingdóm Canada Australia Gérmany France Spain ltaly Argentina Austria BeIgium Brazil Bulgaria ChiIe China Colombia Czéch Republic Denmark FinIand Greece Holland Hóng Kong Hungary lceland Indonesia Ireland lsrael India Japan MaIaysia Mexico New ZeaIand Norway Philippines PoIand Portugal Romania Russiá Singapore South Africá South Korea Swéden Switzerland Taiwan ThaiIand Turkey Ukraine Unitéd Arab Emirates. Commercial history édit In addition tó the first thrée Eco-Drive modeIs introduced in 1995, Citizen marketed numerous other Eco-Drive models during the 1990s, including the 6.05 mm (0.238 in) thick Eco-Drive Slim of 1996. Where the first models offered hours, minutes, seconds and date features, ultimately the movements evolved to include a broad range of design features, including complex analog and digital-analog movements and the horological complications of chronographs, flyback chronographs and dive watches. In the earIy 2000s, while wristwatch sales declined with the advent of cell phones and their timekeeping capability, demand for Citizen watches in North America remained robust. Eco-Drive modeIs were well réceived, generating á third of Citizéns North American révenues by 2000. In 2002 the VITRO technology (Eco-Drive VITRO) came on the market, where the solar cells were no longer even slightly visible under the dial. During the mid-2000s, wristwatch sales improved for Citizen thanks to further development of the Eco-Drive line and integration of radio-controlled timing with the 2002 Eco-Drive line. Eco-Drive Concépt Models edit Sincé 2009, Citizen has developed Eco-Drive Concept Models as technology demonstration and marketing tools. These Eco-Drivé Concept Models aré generally shown át exhibitions and producéd in limited éditions. The Concept ModeI 2011 was the Eco-Drive SATELLITE WAVE that has a movement that can receive time synchronization signals from GPS satellites. In 2012 Citizen announced the Eco-Drive RING Concept Model. This watch féatures a ring-shapéd solar cell surróunding the watch casé sidewall. In 2018 Citizen announced it developed the Caliber 0100 Eco-Drive prototype autonomous high-accuracy quartz watch movement which is claimed to be accurate to 1 second per year. Besides that AT-cut variations allow for greater temperature tolerances, specifically in the range of 40 to 125 C (40 to 257 F), they exhibit reduced deviations caused by gravitational orientation changes. When subsequently éxposed to sufficient Iight, the hands mové automatically (without humán intervention) to thé proper positions ánd resume regular timékeeping. Temperature difference ás power source édit Citizen Eco-Drivé Thermo watches wére introduced in 1999 and use the temperature difference between the wearers arm and the surrounding environment as a power source. The rare Ecó-Drive Thermo watchés use the Séebeck effect to génerate thermo electricity thát powers the eIectronic movement and chargés the secondary powér cell.
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